Table 1 Panoramic view of clinical trials and retrospective studies with novel drugs for anaplastic thyroid cancer
From: Recent advances in the management of anaplastic thyroid cancer
| Pharmacodynamic Property | Tested Drug(s) | First Author | Study Design |
ATC patients N° (out of total) | Prior ATC cohort therapies (%) | ATC Staging (%) | ORR (%) | DCR (%) | Median OS, months | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CTX | XRT | Surgery | IVA | IVB | IVC | |||||||||
| mTKI | Lenvatinib | Tahara | Phase II | 17 (out of 51) | 7 (41) | 9 (53) | 14 (82) | 4 (24) | 5 (29) | 6 (35) | 4/17 (24) | 16/17 (94) | 10.6 | |
| Iwasaki | Retrospective | 23 (out of 23) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 10 (43) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 23 (100) | 4/23 (17)A | 10/23 (44)A | 5.5B | |||
| Iyer | Retrospective | 16 (out of 16) | 9 (69) | 7 (44) | 8 (50) | 0 (0) | 4 (25) | 12 (75) | 3/10 (30) | 7/10 (70) | 3.9 | |||
| Sorafenib | Savvides | Phase II | 20 (out of 20) | 20 (100) | 18 (90) | 18 (90) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 20 (100) | 2/20 (10) | 7/20 (35) | 3.9 | ||
| Ito | Phase II | 10 (out of 18) | 6 (60) | 7 (70) | 7 (70) | 1 (10) | 0 (0) | 8 (80) | 0/10 (0) | 4/10 (40) | 5.0 | |||
| Sunitinib | Ravaud | Phase II | 4 (out of 71) | NA | NA | NA | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (100) | 0/4 (0) | 1/4 (25) | NA | ||
|
PP-compounds
CLM3/24/29 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Vandetanib | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Axitinib | Cohen | Phase II | 2 (out of 60) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1/2 (50) | 1/2 (50) | NA | ||
| Pazopanib | Bible | Phase II | 15 (out of 15) | 11 (73) | 12 (80) | NA | 0 (0) | 1 (7) | 14 (93) | 0/15 (0) | 0/15 (0) | 3.7 | ||
| Imatinib | Ha | Phase II | 11 (out of 11) | 9 (82) | 7 (64) | 0 (0) | 5 (45) | 6 (55) | 2/8 (25)C | 6/8 (75)C | NAD | |||
| Single target | EGFR | Gefitinib | Pennell | Phase II | 5 (out of 27) | 3 (60) | NA | NA | 0 (0) | 5 (100) | 0/5 (0) | 1/5 (20) | NA | |
| BRAF | Vemurafenib | Hyman | Phase II | 7 (out of 122) | 7 (100) | 6 (86) | NA | NA | NA | NAE | 2/7 (28) | 2/7 (28) | NA | |
|
Dabrafenib +
Trametinib | Subbiah | Phase II | 16 (out of 100) | 6 (38) | 13 (81) | 14 (88) | 0 (0) | 16 (100) | 11/16 (69) | 14/16 (88) | NA | |||
| Iyer | Retrospective | 16 (out of 16) | 9 (69) | 7 (44) | 8 (50) | 0 (0) | 4 (25) | 12 (75) | 3/6 (50) | 5/6 (83) | 9.3 | |||
| mTOR | Everolimus | Lim | Phase II | 6 (out of 40) | 2 (33) | 0 (0) | 6 (100) | 0/6 (0) | 0/6 (0) | NA | ||||
| Schneider | Phase II | 7 (out of 35) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0/7 (0) | 0/7 (0) | 2.8 | |||
| Hanna | Phase II | 7 (out of 50) | 3 (43) | 4 (57) | 5 (71) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 7 (100) | 1/7 (14) | 3/7 (43) | 4.6 | |||
| PPARγ | TZDs | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| VEGFR-2 | Cyclic amide CLM94 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Vascular disrupting | Fosbretabulin | Mooney | Phase II | 26 (out of 26) | 13 (50) | 17 (65) | 19 (73) | 7 (27) | 19 (73) | 0/26 (0) | 7/26 (27) | 4.7 | ||
|
Immunotherapy (anti PD-1/PD-L1) | Spartalizumab | Capdevila | Phase II | 38 (out of 42)F | 25 (60) | 30 (71) | 28 (67) | NA | NA | NA | 8/42 (19) | 13/42 (31) | 5.9 | |
| Combination therapy |
Sorafenib +
Temsirolimus | Sherman | Phase II | 2 (out of 36) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1/2 (50) | 1/2 (50) | NA | |
| Efatutazone + Paclitaxel | Smallridge | Phase I | 15 (out of 15)G | 4 (27) | 8 (53) | 11 (73) | 0 (0) | 4 (27) | 11 (73) |
0/7 (0) vs. 1/6 (17) |
4/7 (57) vs. 4/6 (67) |
3.3 vs. 4.6 | ||
|
Fosbretabulin +
CP | Sosa | Phase II/III | 80 (out of 80) | 19 (35) | 21 (38) | 30 (55) | 1 (2) | 4 (7) | 49 (89) | 11/55 (20) | 22/55 (40) | 5.2 | ||